Part 1
Translation from Arabic into English:
Policy refers to the ideas or tactics involved in managing any relationship that invokes principles, dogmas or rules. Often, the term 'policy' includes a record of acts that belongs to present, past, future, and even news. However, these events, whether occur currently or in the future are considered to be policies. But, if these events involved something occurred in the past; something happened in an earlier time, of or relating to recent times or the present are considered to be history.
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Scientists identified the term of politics as the art of possiblities, or the art of possibility that interested in governing the internal and external affairs of the nation by the state or the government of that nation. So, the state is engaged in managing these affairs practically, whereas, the nation examines the practices of the governance.
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To be a politician, one must have a political experience in engaging, and working in the field of politics –and in doing so he deserves the title or the surname of politician- but, if not working in this field, he so called a theoretical politician. So, in order to have a political experience, one must have three important things. Firstly, he must have political information; secondly, he must make sure he has all the political up-to-date news. Finally, he must learn how to choose the best from that political news.
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International politics and foreign policy are the integral part of politics, in terms of being policy. Therefore, the policy is not restricted to the meaning of politics unless it involved ideas about conducting of affairs, and ideas for the welfare of other nations or other states. Generally international politics and foreign policy are not only part of every relationship which is part of the whole, but also they are part of the essence that create it.
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Bolshevik is a communist doctrine founded by Lenin. This term is derived from the Russian word "bolche", which means 'extremist majority'. This is because of a split minority of supporters of Lenin during the Great War and the survival of the majority in the extremist side. Lenin saw that it is impossible for the social institution to move from the capitalist system to the Communist regime, and that there must be a transitional role of the doctrine of collectivist that applied to change people's mentality. The Communist regime in Russia concentrated on the idea of unity; the unity of the state; the cancellation of all manifestations of exploitation; the division of society into castes, and the establishment of a socialist society.
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The cold war means the conflict and the struggle that arise between two countries or blocs in the international community without resorting any of those States to the actual fighting. Sometimes, the term refers to a political conflict ideology in which all the possibilities of the state except the military ones are being used. But, in the case of military state, the cold war intends to turn to the hot war.
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Part 2
Translation from English into Arabic:
السياسة تتضمن مجموعة مترابطه من القرارات المتخذة من قبل سياسي فاعل او مجموعة من الفاعلين الذين يهتمون باختيار الأهداف ووسائل تحقيقها خلال فترة محددة من حالة تلك القرارات التى ينبغي ، من حيث المبدأ ، أن تكون ضمن نفوذ هؤلاء الفاعلين لكي تكون قابلة للتحقيق'. هكذا يفهم جنكينز السياسة كعملية وليس مجرد خيار.
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السلطة مشتقة من الشرعية, والشرعية تتجسد عندما تتمتع حكومة ما بشرعيه تجعل الشعب يخضع لها طواعية؛ لاعتقادهم بأن من حق الحكومة الحكم بهذه الطريقة. وهذا هو مفتاح نجاح اي نظام سياسي ، وهو يفسرأيصا سبب سعي الديكتاتوريات العسكرية التي استولت على السلطة بالقوة حاليا للظهوركمؤيد للحكم المدني الديمقراطي.
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Part 3
لو لم نضحك على الحكومة, لن نجد شيئا نضحك عليه في فرنسا.
انا لا أختلق النكت؛ بل أراقب الحكومة و أنقل الحقائق.
من الصعب ان تكون سياسيا لأن نصف سمعتك تدمرها الأكاذيب والنصف الآخر تدمره الحقيقة.
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Part 4
What the Policy means to me
I think that policy is a very administrative regime. Sometimes, the term of policy is restricted to the regime of a country, but I think policy has even interrelated with our dealings with people. For example, at the personal level, if I have an interview for a job, I need to put a certain policy to make sure that I manage everything wisely. I need to speak clearly about my skills and experience, and be myself, for instance. Also, there is a policy at the family level in which paternal authority assigned certain functions for all the members of the family. These functions influence the relationship between the members as a family. Whist, at the national level, policy refers to certain plans or course of actions that intends to express the relationship between the governance and the nation.
المفضلات